Ramsbury (Holy Cross)

RAMSBURY (Holy Cross), a parish, in the union of Hungerford, hundred of Ramsbury, Marlborough and Ramsbury, and N. divisions of Wilts, 5½ miles (N. W. by W.) from Hungerford; containing, with the tythings of Axford, Eastridge, and Whittonditch, 2552 inhabitants, of whom 1759 are in Ramsbury tything. This place is of considerable antiquity, and in the beginning of the 10th century was made the seat of a diocese, to which thirteen bishops were appointed in regular succession. The see was afterwards annexed to that of Sherborne in the county of Dorset, and in 1072 the united sees were removed to Sarum. The ancient episcopal palace is still remaining near the church, with which it had a subterraneous communication. The parish is on the river Kennet, and comprises 9741a. 3r. 34p. of land, chiefly the property of Sir R. Burdett, Bart., whose seat, called the Manor House, contains a valuable collection of paintings. Littlecote, the residence of General Popham, is also situated here, in an extensive park, richly wooded, and embellished with the windings of the Kennet; the mansion is handsome, and has a gallery of well-executed paintings, and a large collection of ancient armour. Fairs are held on the 14th of May for cattle and toys, and on the 11th of October for hiring servants. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at £9. 12. 1½., and in the patronage of the Crown; net income, £219. The great tithes have been commuted for £374, and the small for £125: the glebe comprises about 70 acres, with a house, erected by the late, and enlarged and improved by the present, incumbent. The church is ancient, with a massive tower strengthened by buttresses, and contains many interesting details in various styles, and some handsome monuments, among which is one to Sir William Jones, formerly lord of the manor. There are places of worship for Independents, Primitive Methodists, and Wesleyans. About two miles from the town is a Roman encampment called Membury Fort.